Prostamax is a mix of active peptides taken from prostate tissue. It contains sequences that make androgen receptors (docking sites for male hormones) in prostate lining cells more sensitive, help abnormal prostate cells self-destruct (apoptosis (programmed cell death)), and lower inflammatory chemicals (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8) by blocking the NF-κB pathway (a switch that turns on inflammation). Together these effects support a healthy prostate structure, normalize the work of smooth muscle (involuntary muscle) in the prostate part of the urethra (the tube that carries urine out), improve urine flow, and reduce how often nocturia (needing to urinate at night) and dysuria (painful urination) occur.